What material is the aerospace bearings made of?

The bearings of the aerospace bearings propel the turbine by the high-temperature gas after combustion, and the turbine is driven by a shaft.
Taking the main bearing of an aeroengine as an example, the main bearing is one of the key components of an aeroengine. Operating at high speeds, high temperatures, and complex forces, the quality and performance of the main bearings directly affect engine performance, life, and reliability.

One of the key indicators of aero engines is high reliability. One of the prerequisites for ensuring reliability is to ensure that aerospace bearings have a long life - the life of the main bearing, the military aircraft engine requirements of more than 3,000 hours, the civil aircraft engine requirements are higher, to tens of thousands of hours. The bearing working environment in aero-engines can be described as “infernal”. They not only have to run at high speed for tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, but also with various forms of stress extrusion, friction, and ultra-high temperature.

Below, I will talk about the material of the aerospace bearings: the application of the bearing ring and the rolling element material.

The ferrule and rolling material of aerospace bearings
(1) High-carbon chromium bearing steel, most of the bearing rings and rolling elements are made of special steel. Ferrules and rolling elements are manufactured from high carbon chromium bearing steels (GCr15 and GCr15SiMn and ZGCr15 and ZGCr15SiMn). Bearings made of high carbon steel chrome bearing steel are generally suitable for operating temperatures ranging from -40 to 130 degrees, with normal oil and grease lubrication. Can meet the requirements of general machinery. After the high-carbon chromium bearing steel bearing parts are overheated by high temperature, the operating temperature can be as high as 250 degrees.
 (2) Carburized bearing steel, ferrule and rolling element made of carburized bearing steel, the hardness is: ferrule and rolling element are HRc60~64, generally suitable for working temperature range of -40~140 degrees Celsius, The oil and grease are normally lubricated and can be used under large shock and vibration conditions, such as bearings for rolling stock and rolling mills, but the heat treatment process of the steel is complicated.

(3) Heat-resistant bearing steel, rolling element of ferrule made of heat-resistant aerospace bearings steel, hardness: ferrule and roller are HRc60~64, the steel ball is HRc61~65, in the case of normal lubrication, suitable for the working temperature is 120~250 degrees Celsius, such as aero-engine, gas turbine, and other spindle working conditions.
(4) Corrosion-resistant bearing steel, the ferrule, and rolling element are made of corrosion-resistant bearing steel. The hardness is: the ferrule and rolling element should not be lower than HRc58, suitable for a corrosive media such as water, nitric acid, and chemical reagents. The temperature is -253~350 degrees Celsius.

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