How does one way bearing with keyway work?

One way bearing with keyway is a bearing that can rotate freely in one direction and lock in the other direction. The metal shell of the one-way bearing contains many rollers, needles or balls, and the shape of its rolling seat (hole) enables it to roll only in one direction, and will produce a lot of resistance in the other direction ( so-called "one-way").

 

How dose one way bearing with keyway works?

1. Ramp and Roller Design

The slope and roller type one-way clutch basically consists of an outer ring with a cylindrical inner diameter, an inner ring with a slope, and a set of rollers that are respectively subjected to spring force and are always in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of motion has an effect on the other, this arrangement inherently ensures the immediateness of the overrunning speed and the immediate driveability.
Using this type of one way bearing with keyway can be suitable for overtaking, indexing and anti-reverse use in various environments.

 

2. Wedge design

This one way bearing with keyway is generally composed of inner ring, outer ring, wedge block group, wedge block cage, strong spring and bearing. The wedges transfer force from one raceway to the other by wedging between the inner and outer rings. Wedges have two diagonal diameters (the distance from one corner of the wedge to the other diagonally), one of which is larger than the other. Wedge action occurs when the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other and force the wedges to have a larger vertical position on a relatively large cross-section.

3. The self-locking angle wedge function mainly depends on the wedging and self-locking angle of the wedge between the inner and outer rings. The basic concept of one way bearing with keyway requires that the friction coefficient of the wedge is related to the sudden torque generated by the inner ring in the driving direction, and this friction value must be larger than the tangent of the self-locking angle. If conditions are not safe, wedging will not occur.
The self-locking angle is determined by the structure of the wedge, and the points on the inner and outer rings are respectively connected with the wedge.
The wedges are designed with a low initial self-locking angle to ensure absolute engagement from the start. As the torque increases, a radial force is created on the wedge that deflects the wedge raceway, causing the wedge to roll to a new position. Wedges are often designed with a self-locking angle that increases gradually, as it goes from the overrun position to the maximum load bearing position. The relatively large self-locking angle reduces the radial force produced by the wedge, thus allowing greater torque to be transmitted as long as the elongation and Brinell hardness limits are required.

The main use of one way bearing with keyway: textile machinery; printing machinery; automobile industry; household appliances; money detector.

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